magnitude and direction of FDI spillovers. We examine these spillover effects across the diverse ownership structure of China … FDI spillovers. During 1998-2007, the span of our Chinese firm-level data set, both tariffs and FDI tax holidays changed … dramatically. Our results highlight the efficacy of vertical FDI spillovers. We find that tariff reforms, particularly tariff …

of social spillovers. Individuals are either 'high' or 'low' types. Own outcomes may vary with the fraction of high types … study sorting in the presence of social spillovers by incorporating unobserved individual- and group-level heterogeneity. We …

appears to depend on the intensity of parent firm R&D (R&D per plant), not on the total amount; and (3) spillovers of research …&D. These results suggest that, despite the externalities created by spillovers of R&D, the `dilution' of R&D across multiple … target plants reduces its potency sufficiently that spillovers may not be a source of industry-wide or economy …