determinant of shipping costs. Improving port efficiency from the 25th to the 75th percentile reduces shipping costs by 12 percent …Recent literature has emphasized the importance of transport costs and infrastructure in explaining trade, access to … markets, and increases in per capita income. For most Latin American countries, transport costs are a greater barrier to U …

costs after closing the underhand agreement. When the essential facility prefers the option of vertical separation, there is …

We examine the effect of school traffic pollution on student outcomes by leveraging variation in wind patterns for …

) suggests that the decision to commit crime involves a weighing of both benefits and costs, implying that both tough and soft …

resolved crises if they monitor the worker. If monitoring costs are positive but sufficiently small, for a range of …