We estimate an aggregate production function with constant elasticity of substitution between energy and a capital …/labor composite using U.S. data. The implied measure of energy-saving technical change appears to respond strongly to the oil … suggestive of a model of directed technical change, with low short-run substitutability between energy and capital/labor but …

Federal tax policy provides a broad array of incentives for energy investment. I review those policies and construct … estimates of marginal effective tax rates for different energy capital investments as of 2007. Effective tax rates vary widely …

This paper sets out a simple spatial model of energy exploitation to ask how the location and productivity of energy … resources affects the distribution of economic activity across geographic space. By combining elements from energy economics and … economic geography we link the productivity of energy resources to the incentives for economic activity to agglomerate. We find …

This paper examines the relationship between spot and futures prices for a broad range of commodities, including energy … and/or (2) accurate predictor of subsequent spot prices. While energy futures prices are generally unbiased predictors of …

I use U.S. patent data from 1970 to 1994 to estimate the effect of energy prices on energy-efficient innovations. Using …-side factors, such as scientific advancements that make new innovations possible. I find that both energy prices and the quality of …

This paper analyzes the timing, pace and efficiency of the on- going job reallocation that results from product and … policies can restore economic efficiency …

percent increase in operating efficiency, achieved primarily by reducing the frequency and duration of reactor outages. At … average wholesale prices the value of this increased efficiency is approximately $2.5 billion annually and implies an annual …