to the "Eco-Patent Commons", which provides royalty-free access to third parties to patented climate change related … investigate the motives of the contributing firms as well as the potential for such commons to encourage innovation and diffusion … knowledge management that combine open innovation and patenting …

innovation and international technology transfer in general. The literature suggests that patent protection in a host country … externalities, implies that patent protection may not be the optimal instrument for encouraging innovation in this area, especially … technologies. How will patent protection affect this process? In this paper we first review the evidence on the role of patents for …

date, have largely concluded that patent pools have been associated with reduced rates of technical innovation in the …. As theory seems to predict, the empirical effects of patent pools on innovation are likely to be ambiguous, dependent on …The impact of patent pools on the rate and direction of technological change is an open question in both theoretical …

product market competition interact with the strength of patent rights. We provide empirical evidence of innovation responding …, that patent protection can complement competition in inducing innovation …Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this …

existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction - as opposed to the rate …What is the optimal system of intellectual property rights to encourage innovation? Empirical evidence from economic … to address problems with the current patent system: 3) How do patent pools, as a mechanism to mitigate litigation risks …

innovation distinguishing between "dirty" (internal combustion engine) and "clean" (e.g. electric and hybrid) patents across 80 … tax-inclusive fuel prices. Furthermore, there is path dependence in the type of innovation both from aggregate spillovers … and from the firm's own innovation history. Using our model we simulate the increases in carbon taxes needed to allow …

. We identify research inputs based on a natural language analysis of 10 billion word and word sequence patent pairs in 6 …, we develop also a new measure of patent value. The measure distinguishes between citations that reflect the cumulative …

Patent pools, which allow competing firms to combine their patents, have emerged as a prominent mechanism to resolve … tolerance under the New Deal to investigate the effects of pools on innovation within 20 industries. Difference … discourage innovation by weakening competition to improve substitutes …

How can we allow patent examiners to effectively distinguish between patentable and unpatentable inventions, without …

empirical study of patent citation data, this paper adds to the literature on returns to energy R&D by focusing on the behavior …