For whom and under what conditions do incentives work in education? In the context of a summer reading program called … Project READS, we test whether responsiveness to incentives is positively or negatively related to the student's baseline … level of motivation to read. Elementary school students were mailed books weekly during the summer, mailed books and also …

experiment and altruism largely explains why people give …

the discussion of incentives, I first summarize theory and evidence related to the classic agency model, which emphasizes … the tradeoff between insurance and incentives. I then offer econometric and case-study evidence suggesting that this …

, we find substantial incentive effects from both financial and non-financial incentives on test scores. Second, we find … that non-financial incentives are considerably more cost-effective than financial incentives for younger students, but were … motivating power of the incentives vanishes when rewards are handed out with a delay. Since the rewards to educational investment …

versus equal outcomes). In a laboratory experiment, the most common behavioral pattern is for subjects to select the ex ante …

effective in reducing the effect of gifts, consistent with our model. Financial incentives ameliorate the effect of the gift but …

We show that a measure of reciprocity derived from the Berg et al. (1995) trust game in a laboratory setting predicts …