changes from wage-and-salary to self-employment and changes from working to non-working status. In each two-year transition … approximately four percent of wage-and-salary workers switched to self-employment. They were primarily men who were previously self …-employed or who were in wage-and-salary occupations with characteristics similar to self-employment, e.g., managers and salesmen …

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Disability Compensation (DC) program provides disability benefits to nearly one … benefits affects the employment decisions of older veterans. We make use of variation in program eligibility resulting from a … decreased labor force participation and induced a substantially larger switch from wage employment to self-employment. This …

; and the distinction between self-employment by necessity and self-employment as a calling. The article devotes special …

countries. I begin by describing how gender norms influence the relationship between economic development and female employment … several specific gender-related social norms and how they constrain women's employment. I present examples of policies aimed … at dismantling these cultural barriers to female employment and the impacts they have …

: generating a sufficient number of jobs at reasonable wages to absorb their rapidly growing populations into productive employment … of the principal effects of population growth on labor supply and employment in the developing economies of the world. On … population growth, labor supply, employment shifts, and growth of output per worker are presented and discussed.The key result of …

-owned businesses. The staggered introduction of these set-aside programs is used to estimate their impacts on the self-employment and … employment rates of African-American men. Black business ownership rates increased significantly after program initiation, with … the black-white gap falling three percentage points. The evidence that the racial gap in employment also fell is less …

This paper documents the role of the collateral lending channel to facilitate small business starts and self-employment … house prices experienced a strong increase in employment in small businesses compared to employment in large firms in the … same industries. This increase in small business employment was particularly pronounced in (1) industries that need little …

Nearly a quarter of Mexico's workforce is self employed. But in the U.S. rates of self employment among Mexican … residing in Mexico and the U.S. accounts for the differences in the self employment rates in the two countries. Within the U ….S., however, the data show self employment rates are much higher in ethnic enclaves. In PUMAS with a high percentage of residents …