concern that market-induced spatial reallocation of pollution could widen existing pollution concentration gaps between … of California's carbon market, the world's second largest and most subjected to EJ critiques. Embedding a pollution … returned these EJ gaps back to 2008 levels. We demonstrate that explicit modeling of pollution dispersal is critical for …

The 'pollution haven' hypothesis refers to the possibility that multinational firms, particularly those engaged in … the effect at the firm level. In addition, environmental standard of the host countries and pollution intensity of the … transition economies. With these improvements, we find some support for the 'pollution haven' hypothesis, but the overall …

Between 1990 and 2008, air pollution emissions from U.S. manufacturing fell by 60 percent despite a substantial … suggest that the implicit pollution tax that manufacturers face doubled between 1990 and 2008. These changes in environmental …

the country level with data on pollution intensity at the industry level to show that countries with laxer environmental …. We propose an instrument for environmental regulation based on meteorological determinants of pollution dispersion identi …...ed by the atmospheric pollution literature. We find that the effect of environmental regulation on the pattern of trade is …