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Does Strengthening Self-Defense Law Deter Crime or Escalate Violence? Evidence from Castle Doctrine
Cheng, Cheng - 2012
From 2000 to 2010, more than 20 states passed laws that make it easier to use lethal force in self-defense. Elements of these laws include removing the duty to retreat in places outside of one's home, adding a presumption of reasonable belief of imminent harm, and removing civil liability for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013105463
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The Paradox of Civilization : Pre-Institutional Sources of Security and Prosperity
Dal Bo, Ernesto - 2015
that could protect surplus (“security”). But the joint achievement of security and prosperity had to escape a paradox … conflict when defense capability is fixed, but may allow for security and prosperity when defense capability is endogenous …. Some economic shocks and military innovations deliver security and prosperity while others force societies back into a trap …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013009442
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Network Security and Contagion
Acemoglu, Daron - 2013
We develop a theoretical model of security investments in a network of interconnected agents. Network connections … introduce the possibility of cascading failures due to an exogenous or endogenous attack depending on the profile of security … networks, is that because security investments create positive externalities on other agents, there will be underinvestment in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013079755
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Human Capital and the Income Tax
Kaplow, Louis - 2011
This article examines how to treat human capital -- perhaps the vast majority of the capital stock -- under an ideal, Haig-Simons income tax. Innate ability, investments in human capital, and uncertainty in future earnings are considered. It is demonstrated that conventional income tax treatment...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013127764
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Does Tax Policy Affect Executive Compensation? Evidence from Postwar Tax Reforms
Frydman, Carola - 2011
The trends in executive pay and labor income tax rates since the 1940s suggest a high elasticity of taxable income with respect to tax policy. By contrast, the level and structure of executive compensation have been largely unresponsive to tax incentives since the 1980s. However, the relative...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013129190
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Understanding Investment Incentives Under Parallel Tax Systems : an Application to the Alternative Minimum Tax
Lyon, Andrew B. - 2011
The first section of this paper introduces the topic. The next section shows that many parallel tax systems share common features and constructs a general model of the cost of capital based on the Hall-Jorgenson (1967) cost of capital formula. Section 3 presents conditions under which a parallel...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013132062
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Why Do Americans Work so Much More than Europeans?
Prescott, Edward C. - 2011
. This finding has important implications for policy, in particular for making social security programs solvent …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013132953
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State Personal Income and Sales Taxes : 1977-1983
Feenberg, Daniel R. - 2010
The two main workhorses of state tax systems are levies on sales and individual incomes. In this paper we develop and implement a coherent methodology for characterizing these systems. The measures thus generated are used to show how the various systems differ across states, and how they evolved...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013135001
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The Income Tax as Insurance : The Casualty Loss and Medical Expense Deductions and the Exclusion of the Medical Insurance Premiums
Kaplow, Louis - 2010
Whether personal income tax deductions are appropriate refinements to the concept of income or unwarranted tax expenditures continues to be the subject of debate. The casualty loss and medical expense deductions are frequently justified on the ground that ability to pay is reduced by largely...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013138350
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Can State Taxes Redistribute Income?
Feldstein, Martin S. - 2010
The evidence presented in this paper supports the basic theoretical presumption that state and local governments cannot redistribute income. Since individuals can avoid unfavorable taxes by migrating to jurisdictions that offer more favorable tax conditions, a relatively unfavorable tax will...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013139299