How large are spatial barriers to transferring knowledge? We analyze the international operations of multinational … firms to answer this fundamental question. In our model firms can transfer bits of knowledge to their foreign affiliates in … either embodied (traded intermediates) or disembodied form (direct communication). Knowledge transfer costs interact with the …

Commercializing knowledge involves transfer from discovering scientists to those who will develop it commercially. New … opportunities if high. Hence new knowledge remains naturally excludable and appropriable. Team production allows more knowledge … capture of tacit, complex discoveries by firm scientists. A robust indicator of a firm's tacit knowledge capture (and strong …

The rate of regional growth of new knowledge in the field of nanotechnology, as measured by counts of articles and … stocks of recorded knowledge in all scientific fields, and the extent to which tacit knowledge in all fields flows between … patenting. The data provide further support for the cumulative advantage model of knowledge production, and for ongoing efforts …

) from upper-tail knowledge. As a proxy for the historical presence of knowledge elites, we use city-level subscriptions to … firm survey from the 1840s, we shed light on the mechanism: upper-tail knowledge raised productivity in innovative …

The pace of innovation is related both to the level of investment in innovation and the pool of knowledge from which … innovators can draw. Both of these are endogenous: Investments in innovations are affected by the pool of knowledge and the …

informational role of cities is a primary reason for" their continued existence. This paper formalizes Marshall's theory in a model … of other implications of the theory are corroborated" empirically …

This paper develops a theory of promotion based on evaluations by the already promoted. The already promoted show some …

for retirement. Many respondents display limited knowledge and understanding of public and company-provided retirement … remainder of their lifetimes, many do not possess enough basic financial knowledge to confidently make optimal choices …