rents flow to women's sports and other men's sports and lead to increased spending on facilities, coaches' salaries, and … other athletic department personnel. Using complete roster data for every student-athlete playing sports at these schools in … collective bargaining agreements in professional sports leagues as a benchmark. We also discuss how our results help understand …

pitch type in Major League Baseball and whether to run or pass in the National Football League. We observe more than three … million pitches in baseball and 125,000 play choices for football. We find systematic deviations from minimax play in both … data sets. Pitchers appear to throw too many fastballs; football teams pass less than they should. In both sports, there is …

Instrumental variables (IV) estimation of a demand equation using time series data is shown to produce a weighted … average derivative of heterogeneous potential demand functions. This result adapts recent work on the causal interpretation of … market in New York City to estimate an average elasticity of wholesale demand for fresh fish. The weighting function …

Many interesting elements of supply and demand are starkly observable in professional athletics. Understanding … institutional arrangements, competitive balance and labor-management relations requires a basic understanding of sports labor … pay; relative versus absolute demand; competitive and cooperative interactions across firms (teams); factor substitutions …

We develop an estimator for the parameters of a utility function that has interactions between the unobserved demand … contraction can still be used to recover the mean utility term that now contains both the demand error and the interactions with … and we show together they are sufficient for identification of all of the demand parameters. A major advantage of our …

our theory. We show that a key parameter determining the incentives for war is the elasticity of demand. Our first result … military action. In the case of inelastic resource demand, war incentives increase over time and war may become inevitable. Our …

-constrained consumers' access to financial markets make demand insensitive to interest rate fluctuations. The demand of credit … price sector influence aggregate demand and, for monetary policy to have its desired effect, the central bank has to … for emerging markets, where the share of food expenditures in total consumption expenditures is high and a large …