the effects of upstream competition vary with distance to frontier on a panel of 15 OECD countries and 20 sectors over … 1985-2007. Competitive pressures are proxied with sectoral product market regulation data. We find evidence that …

This paper examines the role of regulation and competition in generic markets. Generics offer large potential savings … prompt entry, aggressive price competition and patient switching to generics. Key features are that pharmacists are …

Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this … product market competition interact with the strength of patent rights. We provide empirical evidence of innovation responding … with step-by-step innovation models predicting that product market competition enhances innovation and, more importantly …

interbank pricing power. Attempts to circumvent the regulation change the allocation of savings across institutions, eliciting …

of the individual insurance market, the Marketplaces invoke many of the principles of regulated competition including … the tools of regulated competition. We then discuss ways in which the Marketplace model deviates from the more …

Does an intensification of competition among banks increase or decrease liquidity creation? By integrating the dynamic … process of interstate bank deregulation that lowered barriers to competition across U.S. states over the 1980s and 1990s with … facing each individual bank. We find that regulatory-induced competition reduced liquidity creation. Consistent with some …

capacity on competition among" generators. We show that there may be no relationship between the effect of a transmission line …" in spurring competition and the actual electricity that flows on the line. We then investigate the" equilibria that are … relatively small investments in transmission may yield surprisingly large" payoffs in terms of increased competition …