along two dimensions of unobservable character: public spirit (altruism toward others) and honesty (the disutility suffered …

reciprocity, altruism, and trust from 80,000 individuals in 76 countries. The data reveal substantial heterogeneity in preferences … cognitive ability, yet these relationships appear partly country specific. At the country level, the data reveal correlations …

Friedman (1962) argued that a free market in which schools compete based upon their reputation would lead to an …: school reputation in the spirit of Holmstrom (1982). The first result is that if schools cannot select students based upon … are allowed to select on ability, then competition leads to stratification by parental income, increased transmission of …

.g., discounting, risk aversion and altruism) and most cultural traits, social norms, and ideological tenets ( e.g., attitudes towards …

attention. For their part, economists have recently explored how communication affects empathy, altruism, and giving rates to …

concern for other people's welfare (altruism) in the process of making high profits. Even with few truly altruistic firms, an … result is that, as competition decreases, the set of parameters for which such pooling equilibria exist beomes smaller and …