innovation. After identifying pervasive market failures in innovation, it explains why those associated with the Nordic model may … be particularly conducive to innovation, and demonstrates that, in general, the optimal policies of the leader should … industrial policies, public investments, and systems of social protection), not only leading to more innovation, but ensuring …

by the composition and extent of aggregate demand. The direction and speed of innovation is inefficient because … individuals create an externality by not accounting for their influence on the discovery process. We apply the model to drugs …

The contribution made by innovation and new technologies to economic growth and welfare is largely determined by the … neglected one in the economics of innovation. This chapter, written for a handbook on innovation, provides a historical and …

output and precise measurement of the inputs to the inventive process. Patent counts are often considered as a measure of … output while expenditures on R&D are used as a measure of input in this process. If proper adjustments are made and the …

innovation. Agents accumulate knowledge through two activities: innovation (discovering new technologies) and exploitation …

This paper is an attempt to explain diffusion in the production of an innovation. Diffusion in production is defined as … innovation. The principal variable that explains diffusion of entry is the demonstration effect. The principal variable that … by this study, than on the diffusion process in the periods examined in this paper …

fertility of an innovation in generating more innovations cannot be observed. The menu of patent scope can be implemented with …