This paper proposes a framework to account for innovation similar to the usual accounting framework in production … analysis and a measure of innovativity comparable to that of total factor productivity. This innovation accounting framework is … illustrated using micro-aggregated firm data from the first Community Innovation Surveys (CIS1) for seven European countries …

Concerns about the quality of China's official GDP statistics have been a perennial question in understanding its …

In China, local governments have actively contributed to the growth of new firms. In Russia, local governments have … question then is why this has not happened in China. We argue that the answer lies in the degree of political centralization … present in China, but not in Russia. Transition in China has taken place under the tight control of the communist party. As a …

best, particularly in comparison with that of China. Comparing these countries and reviewing the literature, we conclude … gained from trade, and by some measures, more so than China. We sketch out a theory in which developing countries can grow … continuing reforms, Chinese growth is likely to slow down sharply, perhaps leaving China at a level less than Mexico's real GDP …

We study whether current spending levels and public knowledge of them contribute to transatlantic differences in policy … effects vary by prior knowledge in a manner consistent with information effects rather than priming. Support for salary …

1992) are added to compare attitudes towards democracy. Two comparisons are made: between countries, and through time, to …

Estimates of democracy's effect on the public sector are obtained from comparisons of 142 countries over the years 1960 … distributed in democracies, and the form of voting processes is important -- we expect democracy to affect policies that …