care subsidies are associated with worse maternal health and poorer interactions between parents and their children. In … particular, subsidized mothers report lower levels of overall health and are more likely to show symptoms consistent with anxiety …, depression, and parenting stress. Such mothers also reveal more psychological and physical aggression toward their children and …

school completion or avoiding poverty at age 25, the “marriage premium for children” is highest for children of mothers with …A large literature exists on the impact of family structure on children's outcomes, typically focusing on average … children of married parents. We propose that the gains to marriage from a child's perspective depend on a mother's own level of …

-infant mortality, and fertility. For 111 cities for which data on relief spending during the 1930s were available, we collected annual …s. Relief spending also raised general fertility rates. Our estimates suggest that the cost of saving an infant life …

A vast literature has examined the impact of family income on the health and development outcomes of children. One …, and family type, we study outcomes spanning test scores, mental health, physical health, and deprivation measures. The … the existing literature. However, we also find that several measures of both child and maternal mental health and well …

investments in children, starting from encouraging pre-natal and maternal care and early childhood health interventions and … targeted indicators, increasing usage of trained health professionals for childbirth dramatically and halving the share of … children age 7-15 who are not enrolled in school. Wage labor for 13-15 year olds was reduced by at least one-third. We also …

This paper studies the effect of mothers' education on fertility in a population with very low female labor force … large increase in schooling attainment triggered a sharp decline in completed fertility. We show that no other changes … convergence in fertility and schooling, changes in labor-force participation, age upon marriage, marriage and divorce rates, and …

with birth order, since mothers near or beyond their desired total fertility are more likely to make use of the …Medical research indicates that breastfeeding suppresses post-natal fertility. We model the implications for … contraceptive properties of nursing. Second, given a preference for having sons, mothers with no or few sons want to conceive again …

-Evans (1998) reduced-form natural experiment of having two first children of the same sex on the probability of an incremental …