the tradeoff between insurance and incentives. I then offer econometric and case-study evidence suggesting that this …

employees' greater willingness to bear risk. We discuss implications for research as well as for managers and policy makers …We examine whether startups attract employees with different pecuniary and non-pecuniary motives than small or large … across firm types. Using data on over 10,000 U.S. R&D employees, we find that startup employees place lower importance on job …

Arguably the fundamental problem faced by employers is how to elicit effort from employees. Most models suggest that … employers meet this challenge by monitoring employees carefully to prevent shirking. But there is another option that relies on … heterogeneity across employees, and that is to screen job candidates to find workers with a stronger work ethic who require less …

, labor and "managers", each with a distribution of ability levels. Production combines a manager of some type with a group of …

This study empirically investigates the value employees place on stock options using information from the option … exercise behavior of individuals. Employees hold options for another period if the value from holding them and reserving the … information about the value to employees of holding options another time period. We show the parameters of this model are …

general features of organizational change in manufacturing firms with more than 50 employees. In a first section, we explore …

We analyze a large-scale survey of owners, managers, and employees of small businesses in the United States to …