indistinguishable, then congestion charges must be anonymous. Second, the time variation of congestion charges may be constrained. Do … these constraints undermine the feasibility of marginal cost pricing, and hence the applicability of the first-best theory … if the time variation of congestion charges is unconstrained, then marginal cost pricing is feasible with anonymous …

In countries, such as Singapore, that have implemented vehicle congestion policies, recent years have seen a shift …, we investigate the relative merits of ownership and use taxes. We compare full internalisation of congestion … congestion damage rises with more trips. Ownership taxes only partially internalise congestion externalities. However, in terms …

their classmates do worse. The theory presented below reconciles all of these facts by recognizing that classroom teaching … is a public good where congestion effects are potentially important. Because the optimal class size is larger for behaved … ranges away from equilibrium levels will adversely affect educational output. The theory argues for a particular non …

paper studies toll competition among private roads with congestion. The paper derives two main results. First, we find … sufficient conditions for the existence of an equilibrium in pure strategies with strictly positive tolls. Equilibrium congestion …-of-pocket cost paid by a user, it increases the congestion cost thereby reducing the drivers' willingness to pay for using the road …

-migration, congestion of other local publicly provided goods may offset the direct benefits. Using the example of rural household … location choice model that incorporates missing land markets and allows for congestion in local land. Using this model, we … prediction from the model is that migration elasticities and congestion effects are especially large when land markets are …