number of children, better knowledge and higher probability of using contraceptives, recognition that family size can … compromise children quality, larger role for women in family decision making, less religiosity, and positive attitude towards …

children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college …

is conducted at the school-cohort level for children born between 1991 and 2000 and attending 3rd and 4th grades between … statistically significant improvements in test performance in the 2000s, lowering the share of children scoring unsatisfactory on … performance, with particular promise for children in low income communities …

these subsidies on children's longer run outcomes. Using a sharp discontinuity in the price of childcare in Norway, we are … this, we find significant positive effect of the subsidies on children's academic performance in junior high school …, suggesting the positive shock to disposable income provided by the subsidies may be helping to improve children's scholastic …

, we find that the children of persons affected in utero also have lower cognitive scores, suggesting a persistent …

stringent disciplinary environments in response to their earlier-born children's poor performance in school in order to deter … such outcomes for their later-born offspring. We provide robust empirical evidence that school performance of children in … later-born children. Taken together, these patterns are consistent with a reputation model of strategic parenting …