We present the results of a novel early childhood intervention in which disadvantaged 3-4-year- old children were … evaluated a shortened summer version of the program (2 months) in which children were treated immediately prior to the start of …

). The results suggest that on average, parents invest no more in terms of educational expenditure in children who have … acknowledged, but relatively little is known about how educational investments by parents may respond to non-cognitive skills early … in life. This paper evaluates the parental response to variation in non-cognitive skills among their children in rural …

This article describes a randomized field experiment in which parents were provided financial incentives to engage in … behaviors designed to increase early childhood cognitive and executive function skills through a parent academy. Parents were … rewarded for attendance at early childhood sessions, completing homework assignments with their children, and for their child …

A growing literature points to children’s influence on parents’ behavior, including parental investments in children … Longitudinal Survey of Parents and Children (N=7,738), we construct polygenic scores for educational attainment and regress … status with college-educated parents responding less to children’s genetic propensity towards educational success than non …

We study differences in the time parents spend with girls and boys at preschool ages in Canada, the U.K. and the U … is not present for very young children. We next examine differences in specific parental teaching activities such as … reading and the use of number and letters. We find the parents commit more of this time to girls, starting at ages as young as …

the assistance provided to the parent by her adult children. The first stage determines the living arrangement: the parent …

two births in families with at least two children, to estimate the effect of additional children on parents' labor supply … differences in the ages of children whose birth was caused by the instruments. The estimates imply that the labor supply …

relationship between very specific inputs of time by parents and later achievements of children … parental inputs children of various socio-economic statuses receive. In the empirical work that follows, we will show a …

the decline in family size reduced competition between children for resources from their parents. The combined effect has … father to a more egalitarian one in which the wife and the children have been empowered. This transformation coincided with … rise in relative earnings of wives increased competition between spouses for the love and affection of their children while …

The rising cost of college tuition and the accompanying investment parents often make have received considerable …, their distribution across children, and their relationship with later cash transfers, there has been little empirical work … supplement to the Health and Retirement Study, we find that parents typically invest differentially in the schooling of siblings …