three important phenomena: (1) the globalization of R&D, (2) the growing importance of software and IT to firm innovation … IT- and software-biased shift in innovation drove US MNCs abroad, and particularly drove them abroad to “new hubs” with … domain and that multinationals' ability to access a global talent base could support a high rate of innovation even in the …

product and process innovation (simultaneously adopting new machines and organizational practices) and adopt foreign … technologies, leading to higher productivity. We propose a model of endogenous selection and innovation in heterogeneous firms that … jointly explains the observed selection process and the innovation decisions. Further, we show in the data that innovation on …

about 4.5% of world output in 1970 to over 7% in 1995. The importance of internationalized output fell substantially in … 1995. Outside of petroleum and manufacturing, internationalized production was of little importance. For the world as a …

explain international technology diffusion is genetic distance relative to the world technological frontier ("relative …

innovation distinguishing between "dirty" (internal combustion engine) and "clean" (e.g. electric and hybrid) patents across 80 … tax-inclusive fuel prices. Furthermore, there is path dependence in the type of innovation both from aggregate spillovers … and from the firm's own innovation history. Using our model we simulate the increases in carbon taxes needed to allow …

I survey some recent research on the role of patents in encouraging innovation and growth in developing economies …, beginning with a brief history of international patent systems and facts about the current use of patents around the world. I … discuss research on the implications of patents for international technology transfer and domestic innovation. This is …

investigate the motives of the contributing firms as well as the potential for such commons to encourage innovation and diffusion … knowledge management that combine open innovation and patenting …