We consider the role that workplace attributes play in accounting for the divergence in the careers of women and men … the penalty to wage rates earned by women with their transition to motherhood (i.e., the motherhood penalty), but it would …

women into the profession was associated with an increase in their earnings relative to male pharmacists. We conclude that …

participation. Cohort IV (graduating c. 1972) provides the most immediate guide for today's college women and is close to the end of …Recent college graduate women express frustration regarding the obstacles they will face in combining career and family …. Tracing the demographic and labor force experiences of four cohorts of college women across the past century allows us to …

early termination of human capital investment was a function of the life-cycle labor force participation of these women …Single women in the U.S. dominated the female labor force from 1870 to 1920. Data on the home life and working … conditions of women in 1888 and 1907 enable the estimation of earnings functions. Work in the manufacturing sector for these …

In theory, growing wage inequality within gender should cause women to invest more in their market productivity and … should differentially pull able women into the workforce, thereby closing the measured gender gap even though women's wages … and 2001, we use control function (Heckit) methods to correct married women's conditional mean wages for selectivity and …

Several studies have found that, all else equal, heavier women earn less. Previous research has been unable to … Youth, this paper attempts to generate consistent estimates of the effect of weight on labor market outcomes for women … lowers wages for white women; among this group, a difference in weight of two standard deviations (roughly sixty-five pounds …

in compensating for the effects of children, especially for women who left education after completing high school, but …

the hypothesis that women who plan to work intermittently choose jobs with lower rewards to work experience in return for … lower penalties for labor force interruptions. We find that while men and women expect similar starting salaries, women … school. While it is also true that women in the sample plan to work fewer years than men, these differences do not explain …

This paper documents and explores black-white differences in U.S. women's labor force participation, occupations, and … and white women significantly increased their labor force participation in this period, with white women catching up to … black women by 1990. Black-white differences in occupational and wage distributions were large circa 1940. They narrowed …