Recent empirical evidence suggests that the long-run dependence in financial market volatility is best characterized by … a slowly mean-reverting fractionally integrated process. At the same time, much shorter-lived volatility dependencies …-of-distributions hypothesis interpretation of the latent volatility process in rationalizing this behavior. By interpreting the overall volatility …

It is sometimes argued that an increase in stock market volatility raises required stock returns, and thus lowers stock … for this volatility feedback effect. The resulting model is asymmetric, because volatility feedback amplifies large … for large crashes. The model also implies that volatility feedback is more important when volatility is high. In U …