reform in China that was rolled out between 2004 and 2010 with the explicit intention of shaping youths' ideology. To measure … participation and democracy in China, increased trust in government officials, and a more skeptical view of free markets …

. Exploiting the exogenous component of rising trade with China and classifying legislator ideologies by congressional voting …

diversity, that the market undersupplies diversity, and that optimal competition policy requires accounting for the two …

expose different areas of the polity to controlled informational treatments about the valence and ideology of the incumbent … ideology. We find that both valence and ideological messages affect the first and second moments of the belief distribution …, but only campaigning on valence brings more votes to the incumbent. With respect to ideology, cross-learning occurs, as …

pairwise difference in ideology groups' connection patterns satisfy a condition known as the Chernoff-Hellinger divergence … categorize the ideological affiliations of the political committees, our estimates match the self reported ideology for 94.36% of …

confirms an economically significant demand for news slanted toward one's own political ideology. Firms respond strongly to …