Italy and Germany have similar geographical differences in productivity – North more productive than South in Italy …; West more productive than East in Germany – but have adopted different models of wage bargaining. Italy sets wages based on … nationwide contracts that allow for limited local wage adjustments, while Germany has moved toward a more flexible system that …

Barro (1991), except that migration out of East Germany has not slowed down. I document that in particular the 18-29 year … old are leaving East Germany, and that the emigration has accelerated in recent years. I document that low wages, high … unemployment and increasing reliance on social security persist across wide regions of East Germany together with these migration …

A political miracle occurred when Germany was reunited, and at first glance an economic miracle has followed. Real … west Germany. Excessively high wages coupled with investment incentives that made the cost of capital negative rank high …

We examine financial literacy in Germany using data from the SAVE survey. We find that knowledge of basic financial … concepts is lacking among women, the less educated, and those living in East Germany. In particular, those with low education … and low income in East Germany have little financial literacy compared to their West German counterparts. Interestingly …

to East Germany in 1989 experience a persistent rise in their personal incomes after the fall of the Berlin Wall … within a given West German region invest in East Germany. As a result, West German regions which (for idiosyncratic reasons … capita in the early 1990s. A one standard deviation rise in the share of households with social ties to East Germany in 1989 …

training received by workers in Germany between 1986 and 1989. Further training is primarily a white collar phenomenon, is …