market outcomes of their students. There is no consensus, however, on how such measures should be constructed, or how the … systems. We conclude that labor market data provides information that is quite distinct from students' academic outcomes …

For-profit providers are becoming an increasingly important fixture of US higher education markets. Students who attend … than students attending similarly-selective public schools. Because for-profits tend to serve students from more …. The first-stage estimates show that students are much more likely to enroll in a for-profit institution for a given labor …

professional outcomes of lower-income students.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of …

to quantify the impact of for-profit college attendance on the employment and earnings of over one million students …. Using a matched comparison group difference-in-differences design, we find that certificate-seeking students in for … after attendance than students in public institutions. These results hold for both men and women and for seven of the top …

to students' economic outcomes. I show that state changes in minimum high school math requirements substantially increase … Black students' completed math coursework and their later earnings. The marginal student's return to an additional math … cognitively skilled occupations. White students' coursework and earnings are unaffected. Rigorous standards for quantitative …

. Due to COVID-19: 13% of students have delayed graduation, 40% lost a job, internship, or a job offer, and 29% expect to …,500 students at one of the largest public institutions in the United States using an instrument designed to recover the causal … impact of the pandemic on students' current and expected outcomes. Results show large negative effects across many dimensions …

best viewed as the end result of a learning process. We find that students enter college as open to a major in math or … science as to any other major group, but that a large number of students move away from math and science after realizing that … because students realize that their ability in math/science is lower than expected rather than because students realize that …