funds act as liquidity providers. Hedge funds using Lehman as prime broker could not trade after the bankruptcy, and these …-connected hedge funds in turn experienced greater declines in market liquidity following the bankruptcy than other stocks; and, the … effect was larger for ex ante illiquid stocks. We conclude that shocks to traders' funding liquidity reduce the market …

-sale prices make it attractive for banks to hold liquid assets. We show that the resulting choice of bank liquidity is counter … crises may be desirable ex post. However, policies aimed at resolving crises affect ex-ante bank liquidity in subtle ways …: while liquidity support to failed banks or unconditional support to surviving banks in acquiring failed banks give banks …

Can banks maintain their advantage as liquidity providers when they are heavily exposed to a financial crisis? The … liquidity insurer is not one of the passive recipient, but of an active seeker, of deposits. We find that banks facing a funding … liquidity demand shocks (as measured by their unused commitments, wholesale funding dependence, and limited liquid assets), as …

We provide the first large-scale evidence that liquidity transformation by banks creates fragility, as uninsured … panic. We analyze the tradeoff banks face when setting their level of liquidity transformation, and show how they use …

more than long-term credit. Firms responded by cutting their short-term loans for liquidity management purposes and …, firms increase cash and cut investment. Thus, trade credit offers a substitute source of liquidity that can insulate some … firms from bank liquidity shocks …

panics or ex ante contractual links between banks, we argue bank failures can shrink the common pool of liquidity, creating … or exacerbating aggregate liquidity shortages. This could lead to a contagion of failures and a possible total meltdown …, liquidity problems and solvency problems interact and can cause each other, making it hard to determine the root cause of a …

Banks can fail either because they are insolvent or because an aggregate shortage of liquidity can render them … insolvent. We show that bank failures can themselves cause liquidity shortages. The failure of some banks can then lead to a … links between banks but because bank failure could lead to a contraction in the common pool of liquidity. There is a …

panics of the 1930s of conducting expansionary open market policy to meet demands for liquidity. Unlike the 1930s the deepest …