the direct impact of a shock and the magnitudes of the downstream and the upstream indirect effects. We then investigate … through the input-output network, with a pattern broadly consistent with theory. Quantitatively, the network-based propagation …, capturing the fact that the local propagation of a shock to an industry will fall more heavily on other industries that tend to …

This paper develops a structural VAR model to measure how a shock to one country can affect the GDP of other countries …. It uses trade linkages to estimate the multiplier effects of a shock as it is transmitted through other countries' output …-trade matrix. For example, due to these output-multiplier effects, a shock to one country can have a large impact on countries that …