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Do Patents Matter? : Empirical Evidence after GATT
Lanjouw, Jean O.; Cockburn, Iain M. - 2021
protection. We use new survey data from India, the results of interviews with industry, government and multinational institutions …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013222046
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Cross-National Evidence on Generic Pharmaceuticals : Pharmacy vs. Physician-Driven Markets
Danzon, Patricia M. - 2011
This paper examines the role of regulation and competition in generic markets. Generics offer large potential savings to payers and consumers of pharmaceuticals. Whether the potential savings are realized depends on the extent of generic entry and uptake and the level of generic prices. In the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013122264
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Are National Patent Laws the Blossoming Rain?
Qian, Yi - 2014
Research on the effects of patent protection on innovation and technology transfer in the cross-country pharmaceutical industry adds to our understanding of the underlying forces driving a country's innovation level. Qian (2007) constructs a comprehensive database useful for evaluating the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013069398
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The Dual Effects of Intellectual Property Regulations : Within- and Between- Patent Competition in the Us Pharmaceuticals Industry
Lichtenberg, Frank R.; Philipson, Tomas - 2021
A patent only protects an innovator from others producing the same product, but it does not protect him from others producing better products under new patents. Therefore, one may divide up the source of competition facing an innovator into within-patent competition, which results from...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013225118
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Investments in Pharmaceuticals Before and after Trips
Kyle, Margaret; McGahan, Anita M. - 2022
We examine the relationship between patent protection for pharmaceuticals and investment in development of new drugs. Patent protection has increased around the world as a consequence of the TRIPS Agreement, which specifies minimum levels of intellectual property protection for members of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013324637
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China and India as Suppliers of Affordable Medicines to Developing Countries
Hafner, Tamara - 2014
pharmaceutical trade data from 1996 to 2005, we examine the role of China and India as suppliers of medicines to other middle- and … medicines from high- income countries. We find that imports of antibiotics and unspecified medicaments from India and China … significantly depress the average price of these commodities imported from high-income trading partners, suggesting that India and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013067622
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Poor Quality Drugs and Global Trade : A Pilot Study
Bate, Roger; Jin, Ginger Zhe; Mathur, Aparna; Attaran, Amir - 2021
tuberculosis drug samples that claim to be made in India and were sold in Africa, India, and five mid-income non-African countries … in India or non-African countries. Since this finding is robust for manufacturer-drug fixed effects, one likely …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013312516
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Innovation and Diffusion of Clean/Green Technology : Can Patent Commons Help?
Hall, Bronwyn H. - 2012
This paper explores the characteristics of 238 patents on 94 "inventions" contributed by major multinational innovators to the "Eco-Patent Commons", which provides royalty-free access to third parties to patented climate change related innovations. By comparing the pledged patents to other...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013114981
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Trading and Enforcing Patent Rights
Galasso, Alberto - 2011
We study how the market for innovation affects enforcement of patent rights. Conventional wisdom associates the gains from trade with comparative advantage in manufacturing or marketing. We show that these gains imply that patent transactions should increase litigation risk. We identify a new...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013120992
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Patent Rights, Product Market Reforms, and Innovation
Aghion, Philippe - 2014
Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this paper, we address this question by investigating how innovation responses to a substantial policy initiative increasing product market competition interact with the strength of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013064451