This paper addresses the complex relationship between geography and macroeconomic growth. We investigate the ways in … which geography may matter directly for growth, controlling for economic policies and institutions, as well as the effects … of geography on policy choices and institutions. We find that location and climate have large effects on income levels …

This paper examines the importance of buyer-supplier relationships, geography and the structure of the production … firm's marginal production costs. We test the theory by exploiting the opening of a high-speed (Shinkansen) train line in …

Does an observation constitute stronger evidence for a theory if it was made after rather than before the theory was … formulated, when it may have influenced the theory's construction? Philosophers have discussed this question (of quot … and then constructs a theory) versus structural models with formal econometric tests (where a model is constructed before …

randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to accumulate credible knowledge of what works, without over-reliance on questionable theory …

explaining short-run fluctuations in GNP. Theory and the empirical evidence suggest that the existence of intellectual property …