This paper studies a simple model of experimentation and innovation. Our analysis suggests that patents may improve the … project to implement. A successful innovation can be copied by other firms. Symmetric equilibria (where actions do not depend … equilibria). In contrast to patents, subsidies to experimentation, research, or innovation cannot typically achieve this …

A patent only protects an innovator from others producing the same product, but it does not protect him from others … within-patent competition, which results from production of the same product, and betweenpatent competition, which results … effects of intellectual property regulations on within -patent competition by showing how protecting innovative returns from …

We explore how the Patent Office may improve the quality of issued patents on “secondary” drug features by giving … examiners more time to review drug-patent applications. Our findings suggest that current time allocations are causing examiners … to issue low quality secondary patents on the margin. To assess the merits of expanding ex ante scrutiny of drug-patent …

As countries reform their patent laws to be in compliance with the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights Agreement …, an important question is how increased patent protection will affect drug prices in low-income countries. Using …

We examine six molecules facing initial loss of US exclusivity (LOE, from patent expiration or challenges) between June …

pharmaceutical incumbents just before they lose patent protection. The approach involves looking at a cross-section of markets and … of drugs which lost patent protection between 1986 and 1992. Among the findings consistent with an entry deterrence … advertising immediately prior to patent expiration …

to the "Eco-Patent Commons", which provides royalty-free access to third parties to patented climate change related … investigate the motives of the contributing firms as well as the potential for such commons to encourage innovation and diffusion … knowledge management that combine open innovation and patenting …

product market competition interact with the strength of patent rights. We provide empirical evidence of innovation responding …, that patent protection can complement competition in inducing innovation …Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this …

existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction - as opposed to the rate …What is the optimal system of intellectual property rights to encourage innovation? Empirical evidence from economic … to address problems with the current patent system: 3) How do patent pools, as a mechanism to mitigate litigation risks …

Patent pools, which allow competing firms to combine their patents, have emerged as a prominent mechanism to resolve … tolerance under the New Deal to investigate the effects of pools on innovation within 20 industries. Difference … discourage innovation by weakening competition to improve substitutes …