In Sub-Saharan Africa, there are active debates about whether increases in energy access should be driven by …

I generalize a benchmark model of directed technical change to allow innovations and factors of production (here energy … implementation to climate change policy, transitions from coal to gas and then to renewable energy occur in laissez-faire. Optimal … policy uses a subsidy for clean R&D to hasten the transition to renewable energy and an increasing emission tax to control …

Most of the medium-run growth in energy demand is forecast to come from the developing world, which consumed more total … units of energy than the developed world in 2007. We argue that the main driver of the growth is likely to be increased … acquire appliances, such as refrigerators, and vehicles for the first time. These new goods require energy to use and energy …

We explore the principal trends that are shaping the future landscape of energy supply, demand, and trade. We take a … scale, as well as assess the key regional dynamics that are substantially altering the energy scene. The shift from West to … East in the locus of energy growth and the turnaround of North American gas and oil production are the most pronounced of …

This paper assesses trends in the global energy sector through 2040 by harmonizing multiple projections issued by … private, government, and inter-governmental organizations based on methods from “Global Energy Outlooks Comparison: Methods … and Challenges” (Newell and Qian 2015). These projections agree that global energy consumption growth in the coming 25 …

increase vulnerability to infection? We use data from two recent household surveys in Botswana to address this question. We …

development quest. The sample includes seven developing countries—Botswana, Ghana, Nigeria, Zambia, India, Vietnam and Brazil —all …