, fuel economy standards for automobiles, renewable portfolio standards, low carbon fuel standards, and—most recently—China … substantial gains could arise from shifting two programs, China’s new national carbon market (~60% gain) and the California Low …

concern that market-induced spatial reallocation of pollution could widen existing pollution concentration gaps between … of California's carbon market, the world's second largest and most subjected to EJ critiques. Embedding a pollution … returned these EJ gaps back to 2008 levels. We demonstrate that explicit modeling of pollution dispersal is critical for …

Between 1990 and 2008, air pollution emissions from U.S. manufacturing fell by 60 percent despite a substantial … suggest that the implicit pollution tax that manufacturers face doubled between 1990 and 2008. These changes in environmental …

China's extremely high levels of urban air, water and greenhouse gas emissions levels pose local and global … environmental challenges. China's urban leaders have substantial influence and discretion over the evolution of economic activity … pollution issues. Based on a principal-agent framework, we present evidence consistent with the hypothesis that both the central …