The world has seen two globalization booms over the past two centuries, and one bust. The first global century ended … concludes with four lessons of history and an agenda for international economists, including more attention to the impact of … globalization on commodity price structure, the causes of protection, the impact of world migration on poverty eradication, and the …

hedge. We also explore valuation. The real price of gold is currently high compared to history. In the past, when the real …

changing demands for modern central bank interventions in the economy. Financial instability, followed by WWII, left a world …

the reasons why these two forces moved largely in parallel in the decades leading up to World War I, collapsed during the …

The Gold Pool (1961-1968) was one of the most ambitious cases of central bank cooperation in history. Major central …

live longer. We review the determinants of these patterns: over history, over countries, and across groups within countries …

A sketch of the International Monetary Fund's 70-year history reveals an institution that has reinvented itself over … time along multiple dimensions. This history is primarily consistent with a “demand driven” theory of institutional change …