This paper analyzes the effects of top earnings tax rates on the international migration of football players in Europe …. We construct a panel dataset of top earnings tax rates, football player careers, and club performances in the first … number of tax and institutional changes: (a) the 1995 Bosman ruling which liberalized the European football market, (b) top …

retirement. We test this prediction in a group of people—players in the National Football League (NFL)—whose income profile does …

This paper provides a study on conflicts of interest among college football coaches participating in the USA Today … percent of a coach's football budget, coaches respond with more favorable rankings of half a position, and this effect is more …

pitch type in Major League Baseball and whether to run or pass in the National Football League. We observe more than three … million pitches in baseball and 125,000 play choices for football. We find systematic deviations from minimax play in both … data sets. Pitchers appear to throw too many fastballs; football teams pass less than they should. In both sports, there is …

. To do so, we explore the behavior of professional soccer referees. Referees have discretion over the addition of extra … time at the end of a soccer game (called injury time), to compensate for lost time due to unusual stoppages. We test for …

commitment scenario. The empirical analysis takes advantage of a data set from Spanish soccer player contracts. Our test rejects …

Europe, newer birth-cohorts are happier …

We analyze the promotions and firings of NCAA Division 1 college basketball and college football coaches to assess …

contemporary labor issues in North America and Europe, from reserve rules and free agency, high levels of player pay and work …

using data on police reports of family violence on Sundays during the professional football season. Controlling for location …