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The Informal Sector
Paula, Áureo de - 2007
This paper investigates the determinants of informal economic activity. We present two equilibrium models of informality and test their implications using a survey of 48,000+ small firms in Brazil. We define informality as tax avoidance; firms in the informal sector avoid tax payments but suffer...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012775833
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The Unofficial Economy in Africa
La Porta, Rafael - 2011
We examine the productivity of informal firms (those that are not registered with the government) in 24 African countries using field work and World Bank firm level data. We find that productivity jumps sharply if we compare small formal firms to informal firms, and rises rapidly with the size...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013129131
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The Unofficial Economy and Economic Development
La Porta, Rafael - 2010
In developing countries, informal firms (those that are not registered with the government) account for about half of all economic activity. We consider three broad views of the role of such firms in economic development. According to the romantic view, these firms would become the engine of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013138466
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Entry and Exit of Informal Firms and Development
McCaig, Brian; Pavcnik, Nina - 2023
Non-farm informal businesses comprise the majority of the firm distribution in developing countries. We document novel stylized facts about entry and exit of informal, non-farm firms using nationally representative panel data over 15 years and across regions with varying levels of local economic...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014259546
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Is the "Surge" Working? Some New Facts
Greenstone, Michael - 2007
There is a paucity of facts about the effects of the recent military quot;Surgequot; on conditions in Iraq and whether … it is paving the way for a stable Iraq. Selective, anecdotal and incomplete analyses abound. Policy makers and defense … markets' assessment of Iraq's future. The new and unusually rigorous findings presented here should help inform current …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012775883
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War and Inflation in the United States from the Revolution to the First Iraq War
Rockoff, Hugh - 2015
The institutional arrangements governing the creation of money in the United States have changed dramatically since the Revolution. Yet beneath the surface the story of wartime money creation has remained much the same. During wars against minor powers, the government was able to fund the war by...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013021872
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What Explains the Flow of Foreign Fighters to Isis?
Benmelech, Efraim - 2016
This paper provides the first systematic analysis of the link between economic, political, and social conditions and the global phenomenon of ISIS foreign fighters. We find that poor economic conditions do not drive participation in ISIS. In contrast, the number of ISIS foreign fighters is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012993838
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What Do Financial Markets Think of War in Iraq?
Leigh, Andrew - 2010
Iraq. The novel feature of our analysis derives from the existence of a market for Saddam Securities,' a new future traded …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012762835
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Do Working Men Rebel? Insurgency and Unemployment in Iraq and the Philippines
Berman, Eli - 2010
test that prediction in Afghanistan, Iraq and the Philippines, using survey data on unemployment and two newly …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013150117
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The Effect of Oef/Oif Deployment Intensity on the Rate of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Active Duty Population
Shen, Yu-Chu - 2010
System. Comparing to those in other duties around the world, deployment to Iraq/Afghanistan increases the odds of developing … on the service, compared to a tour under 120 days. For Army and Navy, a deployment to Iraq/Afghanistan further …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013151650