have argued that trade makes war less likely, yet World War I erupted at a time of unprecedented globalization. This paper …

can be viewed as a form of economic sanction and has two advantages over most sanctions: it helps rather than hurts the … greater incentives to judge truthfully. A similar approach could be used to reduce moral hazard associated with World Bank and …

Theoretical models have suggested that sanctions may be important for enforcing sovereign debt contracts (Bulow and … Rogoff, 1989a, 1989b). This paper examines the role of sanctions in promoting debt repayment during the classical gold … standard period. We analyze a wide range of sanctions including gunboat diplomacy, external fiscal control over a country …

offers the prospect of potentially stronger trade disciplines (and even beyond WTO disciplines being negotiated). Trade …

membership into the world trading system, the WTO may face a "latecomers" problem that, while occurring also in earlier rounds …A fundamental objective of the Doha Round of WTO negotiations is to improve the trading prospects of developing … countries. The 2001 declaration from the WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, commits the member governments to …

The majority of the world's countries have antidumping (AD) statutes in place, hundreds of AD actions occur annually … its successor, the World Trade Organization. AD's unique characteristics along with its high incidence of use make it a …

We consider the purpose and design of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, GATT. We review recent … developments in the relevant theoretical and empirical literature. And we describe the GATT/WTO architecture and briefly trace its … central features of the design and practice of the GATT/WTO, and we identify key unresolved issues …

regulatory race to the bottom. WTO rules and disputes, however, center on complaints about excessively stringent regulations … WTO legal framework in light of our results, arguing that it does a reasonably thorough job of policing regulatory …