explanation for the heretofore puzzling finding that, following the unprecedented 2003 reduction in dividend tax rates, non-dividend …-paying firms outperformed dividend-paying firms. Not surprisingly, we find that non-dividend-paying firms are more financial … constrained than dividend-paying firms are. When a firm's financial constraint and dividend choice are jointly considered, we find …

To study the long-run effect of dividend taxation on aggregate capital accumulation, we build a dynamic general … equilibrium model in which there is a continuum of firms subject to idiosyncratic productivity shocks. We find that a dividend tax … model simulations show that when both dividend and capital gains tax rates are cut from 25 and 20 percent, respectively, to …

This paper tests whether the 2003 dividend tax cut—one of the largest reforms ever to a U.S. capital tax rate … models in which dividend tax reforms affect the cost of capital. Either way, it may be difficult to implement an alternative … dividend tax cut that has substantially larger near-term effects …

factories, steam power was combined with unskilled labor, and managers likely performed a complex supervisory role that was …

decisions, directors' superior information, bargaining by management, pressures on managers to focus on the short …