structure with little federal control and a low rate of labor participation in the military. This paper examines war … American Civil War. The empirical evidence shows the war resulted in a significant temporary misallocation of resources, by … rapid period of catching up, suggesting that the war did not lead to a permanent misallocation of inputs, and did not long …

from over 40 countries: individual exposure to war violence tends to increase social cooperation at the local level …, including community participation and prosocial behavior. Thus while war has many negative legacies for individuals and … reanalyze the emerging body of evidence, and weigh alternative explanations. There is some indication that war violence …

We analyze long-term impacts of the 1967-1970 Nigerian Civil War, providing the first evidence of intergenerational … impacts. Women exposed to the war in their growing years exhibit reduced adult stature, increased likelihood of being … impacts of war exposure on education. War exposed men marry later and have fewer children. War exposure of mothers (but not …

The American Civil War fractured communities in border states where families who would eventually support the Union or … the Confederacy lived together prior to the conflict. We study the subsequent migration choices of these Civil War …

While its recent history of civil war, chronic poverty and corrupt governance would cause many to dismiss Sierra Leone … examine how several factors--including the legacy of war, ethnic diversity, decentralization and community-driven development … (CDD)--have shaped local institutions and national political dynamics. The story that emerges is a nuanced one: war does …

a central puzzle: why do civil wars occur at all when, given the high costs of war, groups have every incentive to reach … literature has aimed to identify the causes of civil war. While most work is plagued by econometric identification problems, low … linked to civil war. We argue that microlevel analysis and data are needed to truly decipher war's causes, and understand the …

We analyze financial market data in order to produce an ex-ante assessment of the economic consequences of war with …'s price provides a plausible estimate of the probability of war. The spot oil price has moved closely with the Saddam Security …, suggesting that war raises oil prices by around $10 per barrel. Futures prices imply that markets expect these large immediate …

war-exposed children subsequently have lower height-for-age Z-scores, and impacts using GPS information are 87-188% larger … in magnitude, and children in the war instigating and losing country (Eritrea) suffer more than the winning nation …