perform in a world where offshoring is prevalent? In this paper we provide answers to these questions, and thereby initiate … trade policy choices of governments in an environment in which some trade flows involve the exchange of customized inputs … environment, and by comparing these differences to those that would arise in the absence of offshoring of customized inputs, we …

preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and their place in the world trade system. Taking a multilateralist perspective, it makes …

possible impacts of each variant. We also speculate as to how the world trading system may evolve in the next few decades as …

for 40 countries plus a rest-of-the-world aggregate. Some gain over 10%, some lose less than 0.2%. Overall, using a novel …