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Collaboration, Stars, and the Changing Organization of Science: Evidence from Evolutionary Biology

Agrawal, Ajay K.; McHale, John; Oettl, Alexander - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

We report a puzzling pair of facts concerning the organization of science. The concentration of research output is declining at the department level but increasing at the individual level. For example, in evolutionary biology, over the period 1980 to 2000, the fraction of citation-weighted...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011271397

Recruiting for Ideas: How Firms Exploit the Prior Inventions of New Hires

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Singh, Jasjit - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

When firms recruit inventors, they acquire not only the use of their skills but also enhanced access to their stock of ideas. But do hiring firms actually increase their use of the new recruits' prior inventions? Our estimates suggest they do, quite significantly in fact, by approximately 202%...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008628413

Does Knowledge Accumulation Increase the Returns to Collaboration?

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Goldfarb, Avi; Teodoridis, Florenta - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

We conduct the first empirical test of the knowledge burden hypothesis, one of several theories advanced to explain increasing team sizes in science. For identification, we exploit the collapse of the USSR as an exogenous shock to the knowledge frontier causing a sudden release of previously...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821726

Quality-Constant Price Indexes for the Ongoing Treatment of Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study

Frank, Richard G.; Berndt, Ernst R.; Busch, Alisa B. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

Health care expenditures have been increasing sharply in the last ten years, with spending on mental health disorders being particularly prominent. Over the same time period, a number of new antipsychotic medications have been added to the armamentarium for treatment of persons diagnosed with...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050061

Price Indexes for Medical Care Goods and Services: An Overview of Measurement Issues

Cutler, David M.; Berndt, Ernst R.; Frank, Richard G.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

We review in considerable detail the conceptual and measurement issues that underlie construction of medical care price indexes in the U.S., particularly the medical care consumer price indexes (MCPIs) and medical-related producer price indexes (MPPIs). We outline salient features of the medical...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050391

Price Indexes for Acute Phase Treatment of Depression

Berndt, Ernst R.; Busch, Susan H.; Frank, Richard G. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

Although broad trends in medical spending in the U.S. over the last decade have received widespread attention from policymakers, very little attention has focused on the components of those changes. For many other industries, economists typically divide nominal expenditures by an official...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005723024

Do Tax Credits Affect R&D Expenditures by Small Firms? Evidence from Canada

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Rosell, Carlos; Simcoe, Timothy S. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

We exploit a change in eligibility rules for the Canadian Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SRED) tax credit to gain insight on how tax credits impact small-firm R&D expenditures. After a 2004 program change, privately owned firms that became eligible for a 35 percent tax credit...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950968

Slack Time and Innovation

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Goldfarb, Avi; Catalini, Christian - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

The extant literature linking slack time to innovation focuses on how slack time facilitates creative activities such … are less creative but still important for innovation, namely mundane, execution-oriented tasks. First, we document the …, we report timing and project type evidence consistent with the causal interpretation that slack time drives innovation …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011272299

Gone But Not Forgotten: Labor Flows, Knowledge Spillovers, and Enduring Social Capital

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Cockburn, Iain M.; McHale, John - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

It is well known that patent citations occur disproportionately between patents issued to inventors living in the same location, which has been taken as evidence of geographically localized knowledge spillovers. In this study, we find that patent citations also occur disproportionately often in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005085134

Why are Some Regions More Innovative than Others? The Role of Firm Size Diversity

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Cockburn, Iain M.; Galasso, Alberto; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

interplay of these two localized externalities and their impact on regional innovation. We examine MSA-level patent data during … the period 1975-2000 and find that innovation output is higher where large and small labs coexist. The finding is robust …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652761