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Implications for Energy Innovation from the chemical industry

Arora, Ashish; Gambardella, Alfonso - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this … chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played … coal to oil, and briefly analyze two government programs that have attempted to promote innovation: synthetic rubber and …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008631696

Going Soft: How the Rise of Software Based Innovation Led to the Decline of Japan's IT Industry and the Resurgence of Silicon Valley

Arora, Ashish; Branstetter, Lee G.; Drev, Matej - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

This paper documents a shift in the nature of innovation in the information technology (IT) industry. Using … comprehensive data on all IT patents granted by the USPTO from 1980-2002, we find strong evidence of a change in IT innovation that … is systematic, substantial, and increasingly dependent on software. This change in the nature of IT innovation has had …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008624577

Quality-Constant Price Indexes for the Ongoing Treatment of Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study

Frank, Richard G.; Berndt, Ernst R.; Busch, Alisa B. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

Health care expenditures have been increasing sharply in the last ten years, with spending on mental health disorders being particularly prominent. Over the same time period, a number of new antipsychotic medications have been added to the armamentarium for treatment of persons diagnosed with...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050061

Price Indexes for Medical Care Goods and Services: An Overview of Measurement Issues

Cutler, David M.; Berndt, Ernst R.; Frank, Richard G.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

We review in considerable detail the conceptual and measurement issues that underlie construction of medical care price indexes in the U.S., particularly the medical care consumer price indexes (MCPIs) and medical-related producer price indexes (MPPIs). We outline salient features of the medical...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050391

Price Indexes for Acute Phase Treatment of Depression

Berndt, Ernst R.; Busch, Susan H.; Frank, Richard G. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1998

Although broad trends in medical spending in the U.S. over the last decade have received widespread attention from policymakers, very little attention has focused on the components of those changes. For many other industries, economists typically divide nominal expenditures by an official...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005723024

The Acquisition and Commercialization of Invention in American Manufacturing: Incidence and Impact

Arora, Ashish; Cohen, Wesley M.; Walsh, John P. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

, suppliers and technology specialists. We also estimate the contribution of each source to innovation in the US economy. Although … rate of innovation in the economy. Indeed, results from a multinomial logit model suggest that, were the outside … availability of innovation to be removed, the percentage of innovating firms in the U.S. manufacturing sector would drop from 18 …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951285

Advanced Purchase Commitments for a Malaria Vaccine: Estimating Costs and Effectiveness

Kremer, Michael; Berndt, Ernst R.; Glennerster, Rachel; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

To overcome the problem of insufficient research and development (R&D) on vaccines for diseases concentrated in low-income countries, sponsors could commit to purchase viable vaccines if and when they are developed. One or more sponsors would commit to a minimum price that would be paid per...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005778504

R&D and the Patent Premium

Arora, Ashish; Ceccagnoli, Marco; Cohen, Wesley M. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

.S. manufacturing sector, we estimate the increment to the value of an innovation realized by patenting it, and then analyze the effect …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005055430

Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D

Arora, Ashish; Belenzon, Sharon; Patacconi, Andrea - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … innovation. Large firms appear to value the golden eggs of science (as reflected in patents) but not the golden goose itself (the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011159880

Real Output in Mental Health Care During the 1990s

Berndt, Ernst R.; Busch, Alisa B.; Frank, Richard G.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

Health accounts document changes over time in the level and composition of health spending. There has been a continued evolution in the ability to track such outlays. Less rapid has been the ability to interpret changes in spending. In this paper we apply quality adjusted price indexes for...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005061548