What is the optimal system of intellectual property rights to encourage innovation? Empirical evidence from economic … existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction - as opposed to the rate … innovations in developing countries, discourage innovation in the developing countries? This essay summarizes results of existing …

a package to other firms. Regulators favor pools as a means to encourage innovation: Pools are expected to reduce … the effects of a patent pool on innovation. Contrary to theoretical predictions, the sewing machine pool appears to have … discouraged patenting and innovation, in particular for the members of the pool. Data on stitches per minute, as an objectively …

's fairs between 1851 and 1915. Exhibition data show that the industry where an innovation is made is the single most important …

The Plant Patent Act of 1930 was the first step towards creating property rights for biological innovation: it … varieties to examine whether the Act encouraged innovation. Nearly half of all plant patents between 1931 and 1970 were for … innovation: less than 20 percent of new roses were patented, European breeders continued to create most new roses, and there was …