emigration life cycle since the 1960s, and, except for Africa, emigration rates have been level or even declining since a peak in … estimates the economic and demographic fundamentals driving these Third World emigration life cycles to the United States since …. The projections imply that pressure on Third World emigration over the next two decades will not increase. It also …

Two of the main forces driving European emigration in the late nineteenth century were real wage gaps between sending … there is a demographic speed up in the making. Our estimates suggest that the pressure on emigration out of Africa will …