empirical study of patent citation data, this paper adds to the literature on returns to energy R&D by focusing on the behavior …

Using patent data from the United States, Japan, and Germany, this paper examines both the innovation and diffusion of … environmental regulations. Moreover, any technology transfer that occurs appears to be indirect. Domestic innovation occurs even for … regulations later nonetheless purchase pollution abatement equipment from domestic firms. However, patent citation data from the U …

I use U.S. patent data from 1970 to 1994 to estimate the effect of energy prices on energy-efficient innovations. Using … patent citations to construct a measure of the usefulness of the existing base of scientific knowledge, I consider the effect … existing knowledge have strongly significant positive effects on innovation. Furthermore, I show that omitting the quality of …

While many studies have looked at innovation and adoption of technologies separately, the two processes are linked … combines plant-level data on U.S. coal-fired electric power plants with patent data pertaining to NOx pollution control …

use patent data to examine the evolution of two completing bleaching technologies in five major paper-producing countries …-friendly innovation, we focus on a process innovation, rather than on end-of-the-pipe solutions to pollution. Moreover, while previous … studies emphasize the importance of regulation for inducing innovation, here we find substantial innovation occurring before …