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Management Practices, Relational Contracts, and the Decline of General Motors

Helper, Susan; Henderson, Rebecca - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

General Motors was once regarded as one of the best managed and most successful firms in the world, but between 1980 and 2009 its share of the US market fell from 62.6 to 19.8 percent, and in 2009 the firm went bankrupt. In this paper we argue that the conventional explanation for this decline -...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950676

Do Hospitals Cross Subsidize?

David, Guy; Lindrooth, Richard; Helmchen, Lorens A.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011

Cross-subsidies are often considered the principal mechanism through which hospitals provide unprofitable care. Yet, hospitals' reliance on and extent of cross-subsidization are difficult to establish. We exploit entry by cardiac specialty hospitals as an exogenous shock to incumbent hospitals'...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009251526

Does Knowledge Accumulation Increase the Returns to Collaboration?

Agrawal, Ajay K.; Goldfarb, Avi; Teodoridis, Florenta - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

We conduct the first empirical test of the knowledge burden hypothesis, one of several theories advanced to explain increasing team sizes in science. For identification, we exploit the collapse of the USSR as an exogenous shock to the knowledge frontier causing a sudden release of previously...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821726

Organizing Growth

Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban; Garicano, Luis - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

innovation. Agents accumulate knowledge through two activities: innovation (discovering new technologies) and exploitation … (learning how to use the current technology). Exploitation requires the development of organizations to coordinate the work of …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005580091

The Evolution of Work

Mobius, Markus; Schoenle, Raphael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006

The division of labor first increased during industrialization and then decreased again after 1970 as job roles have expanded. We explain these trends in the organization of work through a simple model where (a) machines require standardization to exploit economies of scale and (b) more...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005830341

The Performance Effects of IT-Enabled Knowledge Management Practices

Cappelli, Peter - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

The extensive literature on knowledge management spans several fields, but there are remarkably few studies that address the basic question as to whether knowledge management practices improve organizational performance. I examine that question using a national probability sample of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008611560

Collaboration, Stars, and the Changing Organization of Science: Evidence from Evolutionary Biology

Agrawal, Ajay K.; McHale, John; Oettl, Alexander - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

We report a puzzling pair of facts concerning the organization of science. The concentration of research output is declining at the department level but increasing at the individual level. For example, in evolutionary biology, over the period 1980 to 2000, the fraction of citation-weighted...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011271397

Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D

Arora, Ashish; Belenzon, Sharon; Patacconi, Andrea - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … innovation. Large firms appear to value the golden eggs of science (as reflected in patents) but not the golden goose itself (the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011159880

New Ideas in Invention

Packalen, Mikko; Bhattacharya, Jay - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

A key decision in research is whether to try out new ideas or build on more established ideas. In this paper, we evaluate which type of work is more likely to spur further invention. When recent advances create superior opportunities for invention, their adoption as research inputs in the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011159886

Cities and Ideas

Packalen, Mikko; Bhattacharya, Jay - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015

Faster technological progress has long been considered a key potential benefit of agglomeration. Physical proximity to others may help inventors adopt new ideas in their work by increasing awareness about which new ideas exist and by enhancing understanding of the properties and usefulness of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011159889