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The Long-term Effects of Early Lead Exposure: Evidence from a case of Environmental Negligence
Rau, Tomás; Reyes, Loreto; Urzúa, Sergio S. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
This paper estimates the effect of early lead exposure on academic achievement and adult earnings. We analyze longitudinal information from individuals attending primary and secondary schools in the city of Arica (in northern Chile). Between 1984 and 1989, Arica received more than 20,000 tons of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969226
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The Agricultural Origins of Time Preference
Galor, Oded; Özak, Ömer - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
This research explores the origins of the distribution of time preference across regions. It advances the hypothesis, and establishes empirically, that geographical variations in natural land productivity and their impact on the return to agricultural investment have had a persistent effect on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969388
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Climate and Conflict
Miguel, Edward Andrew; Burke, Marshall; Hsiang, Solomon M. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
Until recently, neither climate nor conflict have been core areas of inquiry within economics, but there has been an explosion of research on both topics in the past decade, with a particularly large body of research emerging at their intersection. In this review, we survey this literature on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969392
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Does the Effect of Pollution on Infant Mortality Differ Between Developing and Developed Countries? Evidence from Mexico City
Arceo-Gomez, Eva O.; Hanna, Rema; Oliva, Paulina - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012
Much of what we know about the marginal effect of pollution on infant mortality is derived from developed country data. However, given the lower levels of air pollution in developed countries, these estimates may not be externally valid to the developing country context if there is a nonlinear...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969434
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The Economics of Fair Trade
Nunn, Nathan; Dragusanu, Raluca E.; Giovannucci, Daniele - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
Fair Trade is a labeling initiative aimed at improving the lives of the poor in developing countries by offering better terms to producers and helping them to organize. In this survey, we provide a critical overview of the economic theory behind Fair Trade, describing the potential benefits and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010885296
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Making Progress on Foreign Aid
Qian, Nancy - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
Foreign aid is one of the most important policy tools that rich countries use for helping poor countries to improve population well-being and facilitate economic and institutional development. The empirical evidence on its benefits is mixed and has generated much controversy. This paper presents...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010890097
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The Link Between Fundamentals and Proximate Factors in Development
Keller, Wolfgang; Shiue, Carol H. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
transportation improvements converged to create city growth. We assess the impact of institutions on growth by allowing two ways for … institutions to affect growth. Institutions can directly affect growth, or it can impact on trade, which in turn affects growth …. Once we separately quantify the link from institutions to trade, and trade to growth, the independent effect of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950662
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Perverse Consequences of Well Intentioned Regulation: Evidence from India's Child Labor Ban
Bharadwaj, Prashant; Lakdawala, Leah K.; Li, Nicholas - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
While bans against child labor are a common policy tool, there is very little empirical evidence validating their effectiveness. In this paper, we examine the consequences of India's landmark legislation against child labor, the Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986. Using data...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950689
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Deal with the Devil: The Successes and Limitations of Bureaucratic Reform in India
Dhaliwal, Iqbal; Hanna, Rema - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
Employing a technological solution to monitor the attendance of public-sector health care workers in India resulted in a 15 percent increase in the attendance of the medical staff. Health outcomes improved, with a 16 percent increase in the delivery of infants by a doctor and a 26 percent...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950742
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Development, Structure, and Transformation: Some Evidence on Comparative Economic Growth
McCord, Gordon C.; Sachs, Jeffrey D. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
differences through the dynamics of saving and investment. We posit that the drivers of economic development include institutions …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950899