This chapter reviews empirical evidence on the micro-level consequences of family planning programs in middle- and low … throughout the life cycle. Though effect sizes are heterogeneous, long-term studies imply that in practice, family planning … programs may only explain a small share of fertility decline in real-world settings. Family planning programs may also have …

with declining "shotgun marriages". Compared with other countries, marriage maintains a central role in American life. We … a new matching technology. We note that recent changes in family forms demand a reassessment of theories of the family …

Between 1869 and the early 1900s state governments regulated safety in mines and factories and reformed the liability …

. Beginning in 1933, federal, state, and local governments cooperatively built a larger social welfare system. While the majority … state and local levels. While New Dealers were often accused of playing politics with relief, social welfare system created … suggests that politics was always the key issue. But we show how the interaction of political interests at the federal, state …

At the turn of the 20th century, state and local governments in the United States began to establish public employment …

competition and its effects on patterns of ethnic violence. Using local comparisons within Gujarat, a single Indian state known … with close votes in the preceding state elections do predict an increased incidence of ethnic riots, these effects are … competition, politicians have both enhanced local and state-wide incentives to foster ethnic mobilization and violence. On the …