Starting in 2006, respondents in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study were asked to submit biomarkers and were notified … triggered new diagnoses, increased pharmaceutical usage, and altered health behaviors among small subsamples of respondents and … among those already diagnosed, whose self-reported health and disability worsened. …

health, and mother's education. We contend that first occupation is a choice made relatively early in life that affects … conditions such as mother's education and health in youth. Estimates suggest that first-occupation has a durable impact on later …Occupation is discussed as a social determinant of health. Occupation has received little attention in this light in …

We use the Islamic holy month of Ramadan as a natural experiment in fasting and fetal health. In Michigan births 1989 …

the responses as measures of expectations. Prior research on subjective survival probabilities in the Health and …Although expectations (or subjective probability distributions) play a prominent role in models of decision …. Macroeconomic models often assume rational expectations, and microeconomic models base estimation on observable population …

One way to demonstrate how remarkable changes in the process of aging have been is to compare health over the life … were common even at young ages. Other factors contributing to lifelong poor health were widespread exposure to severely … experienced better health throughout their lives largely due to their lower exposure to environmental hazards before birth and …

Life expectancy in the United States fares poorly in international comparisons, primarily because of high mortality … rates above age 50. Its low ranking is often blamed on a poor performance by the health care system rather than on … behavioral or social factors. This paper presents evidence on the relative performance of the US health care system using death …

National Health Interview Surveys. The model estimates rule out even moderate effects of income on weight and on the …

, there is limited evidence on how drug coverage might affect health. The goal of this paper is to obtain "causal effects" of … prescription drug coverage on drug use, use of other medical services and health of the elderly. We use fixed-effects analysis to … effect on hospital admissions or health. …

drugs, use of other medical services, and health for a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries. Given the … health. We find that gaining prescription drug insurance through Medicare Part D was associated with a 70% increase in the … health care services or health, as measured by functional status and self-reported health. Among those in poorer health, we …

differently. We show that these facts are qualitatively consistent with a model of optimal expectations (Brunnermeier and Parker …