incumbents and entrants in a cumulative innovation environment; that is, entrants may not be adequately compensated for losses in …

measured by granted patents. Meanwhile, other "defacto" IP (mainly purposive secrecy and natural excludability) has become more … engineering). Star scientists publication as or with firm employees, SBIR grants received, and citation-weighted patents and …

What is the optimal system of intellectual property rights to encourage innovation? Empirical evidence from economic … existence of strong patent laws encourage innovation? And 2) May patent laws influence the direction - as opposed to the rate … innovations in developing countries, discourage innovation in the developing countries? This essay summarizes results of existing …

regimes. The results point to an important role for patents and other policy choices in driving the diffusion of new …

innovation. After identifying pervasive market failures in innovation, it explains why those associated with the Nordic model may … be particularly conducive to innovation, and demonstrates that, in general, the optimal policies of the leader should … industrial policies, public investments, and systems of social protection), not only leading to more innovation, but ensuring …

, suppliers and technology specialists. We also estimate the contribution of each source to innovation in the US economy. Although … rate of innovation in the economy. Indeed, results from a multinomial logit model suggest that, were the outside … availability of innovation to be removed, the percentage of innovating firms in the U.S. manufacturing sector would drop from 18 …

public research by employing a newly constructed dataset that matches patents to survey data at the level of the R&D lab …

A large literature asserts that standard essential patents (SEPs) allow their owners to “hold up” innovation by … innovation in SEP-reliant industries. We find no empirical support for either prediction. Indeed, SEP-reliant industries have the …

We show that economic incentives affect the number and commercial value of inventions generated in universities. Using …