Conventional wisdom holds that protectionism is counter-cyclic; tariffs, quotas and the like grow during recessions …-war era, protectionism has not actually moved counter-cyclically. Tariffs and non-tariff barriers simply do not rise … years, using eighteen measures of protectionism and seven of business cycles. I also provide some hints as to why …

We investigate the extent to which antidumping actions eliminate trade altogether. Using quarterly export data for …, which proves to be highly detrimental in the long run as many trade relationship cease during the duration of the order …. Given the literature on heterogeneous firms and trade, our results imply antidumping protection imposes greater costs than …

advice to rely on safety nets and world trade. Despite the limitations of food price stabilization policies, they are … national interest of many countries to adjust trade policies to take advantage of the world market in order to achieve domestic … price stability. When countercyclical trade policies become widespread, the result is a thinner and less reliable world …

, intermediate goods, and multiple factors of production--affect the magnitude of the gains from trade liberalization. We conclude by …

This paper first considers the impact on world food prices of the changes in restrictions on trade in staple foods … examines the relative efficiency and equity of trade restrictions and domestic policies, such as conditional cash transfers … potential consequences of multilateral agreements to limit changes in restrictions on trade during such times. …

undervaluation, we rely on advances in the international trade literature that uncover intraindustry heterogeneity in firm trade and … investment activities. We propose that firm foreign direct investments in, and subsequent related party trade with, countries … party trade with filed-against countries. High levels of related-party imports (arm's length imports) from countries with …